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Belgium: far beyond second-order.
Tom Verthé
In Belgium the elections for the European Parliament have in the past always been held together with the regional elections. Because of this particularity the European elections have long since been considered second-order elections in Belgium (Reif & Schmitt, 1980; Van Aelst & Lefevere, 2012). Because of the split in the party system since the 70s, the regional elections in Belgium are clearly a first-order election since, for the larger part, there is no difference in terms of voting population and party offer between the regional and federal elections (Russo & Deschouwer, 2014). Federal (and even European) elections...
Il voto di preferenza: tra meridione, neo-democristiani e intellettuali
di Stefano Rombi
Sono passati quasi nove anni dall’approvazione della legge Calderoli. Da allora il voto di preferenza è oggetto di pensosi e più o meno appassionanti dibattiti. La politica sembra dividersi tra chi lo ritiene l’unico baluardo a difesa della democraticità di un sistema elettorale e chi, viceversa, è convinto che si tratti soprattutto della fonte principale del voto di scambio. Senza entrare in questa ormai sterile discussione, possiamo sfruttare l’opportunità offerta dalle elezioni europee per esaminare più da vicino le dimensioni e la distribuzione di questo particolare tipo di voto.
La legge elettorale per le elezioni europee risale al...
Cyprus: Disapproval through abstention in EU’s remotest ‘outpost’
Konstantinos Athanasiadis
Abstention ruled supreme in the European elections held on the divided island of Cyprus (divided between the Republic of Cyprus and the so called "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" recognised only by Turkey). According to the Ministry of the Interior more than the half of the electorate (56%) (Ministry of the Interior 2014) opted for abstention from the electoral process as a token of growing discomfort against the political system and the austerity measures put forward since last year. Paradoxically though, the high abstention rate provided a crucial lifeline to the political system of Cyprus as it enhanced...
Luxembourg: the first EP-only vote
Patrick Dumont and Raphaël Kies
The context
For the first time since 1979, European elections were held separately from national elections in Luxembourg. The simultaneity of elections decided on before the first direct European elections (as Luxembourgish MPs were already elected for a five-year mandate and that the next scheduled election was to be held in 1979 anyway) and government stability made all seven previous national and European elections fall on the same day, with a number of consequences ensuing. For instance, as European elections are fought on a unique, nationwide constituency until 2009 all party heavyweights used to be...
Slovakia: record holder in the lowest turnout
Peter Spáč
On May 24 the election to European parliament was held in Slovakia. This election was the third since the country`s entry to the EU. As in the previous contests, the turnout was extremely low and in 2014 it reached its historical minimum as only 13 per cent of the Slovak citizens participated on the polls.
The elections to EP in Slovakia are held under a proportional electoral system with a single nationwide constituency where all 13 MEPs are elected. Originally Slovakia had 14 MEPs, but after Romania and Bulgaria entered the Union, this number was slightly reduced. In...