left parties

  • Left Governmental Power and the Reduction of Inequalities in Western Europe (1871–2020)

  • Class cleavage electoral structuring in Western Europe (1871–2020)

  • More Left or Left No More? An In-depth Analysis of Western European Social Democratic Parties’ Emphasis on Traditional Economic Left Goals (1944–2021)

  • Can the class cleavage still explain support for left-wing parties?

  • Lost in Translation? Class Cleavage Roots and Left Electoral Mobilization in Western Europe